Loop antennas may be constructed in many forms including horizontal full wave loops in square, rectangle or triangle (delta) shapes. They can also be in the vertical plane and are most often in the same shapes with the delta being very popular as it has both vertical and horizontal polarization. The impedance at the loop resonant frequency is approximately 100 ohms but will very slightly on harmonics. Loops are “quiet” antennas compared to verticals and dipoles and are omni-directional. The also exhibit gain on harmonic bands. Once you try a loop antenna you will know why they are so popular with old timers but still a secret to newcomers. Shown below are some typical designs:
Full Wave Horizontal Loop Antenna (a.k.a Skyloop)
This antenna is horizontally polarized and should be mounted as high as possible but works well at low heights of 10-30 feet. They are quieter than a dipole or a vertical, have a broader bandwidth and will usually out perform a dipole antenna.To determine the approximate circumference in feet of a full wave loop antenna use the formula:
1005/Freq in Mhz = length in feet.
The feed point impedance of a full wave loop antenna is theoretically in the vicinity of 120 ohms and requires a 2:1 impedance transformer (for single band loops or a 4:1 balun to match on multiple bands) with 50 ohm line. You will also need a feed line choke or better yet, just get the Hybrid 4:1+1:1 in a single box.
Vertical Delta Loops
Vertical delta loops can be oriented several way but the most popular is to have the “pointy” end at the top (usually a single support) and the lower horizontal ends just out of reach of humans and animals. Best feed point is 1/4 wavelength (246/f(mhz)) from the top point down one side. Vertical delta loops use the same 2:1 baluns as the horizontal loops or 4:1 for multi-band operation.
Computer Radio Frequency Interference Kits
RFI-DIGITAL – for Digital Audio/PSK31/FT8, etc.
These RFI kits are specifically selected to cure most household computer device RFI problems. It contains Snap On ferrite split beads selected to eliminate RFI from 1 to 300 MHz. The beads are easy to use, don’t require modification of the protected equipment and work in almost all cases.
What causes RFI? Strong signals from nearby amateur radio, CB, AM/FM broadcast stations and other “transmitters” (such as microwave ovens, cell phones, desktop, laptop, and tablet computers, wireless phones, baby monitors, fish tank heaters/pumps, etc) that are picked up by long wires (“antennas”) running through the house including electric power wiring, telephone cables. alarm system wires, speaker wires, whose signal may be coupled into the computer connected to the digital interface with your radio causing intermittent operation.
How to cure RFI – RFI can be stopped by suppressing the signal from the radio “transmitter” or suppressing the signal on the “antenna” feeding the affected device.
With the RFI-DIGITAL kit, you run the wires entering the device through ferrite cores right next to the interface. Ferrites do not affect the signals going through the wires but they resist the passage of RF keeping the RF out of the appliance and stopping the RFI.What is included in the kit?
The RFI kit is meant to be used with a DIGITAL interface between your computer and the radio. These digital interfaces consist of sound cards, or Signalink type devices using USB or serial cables interfaced to the computer and a RADIO cable to the radio or driven device.
Installation
The 3/8” snap on is used on the USB/Serial cable between the interface and the computer. Use 1 snap on at the device end of the cable and another at the computer end of the cable and wrap 2 or more turns thru the center of the core and snap shut. Two 3/8" snap-ons included.
Similarly, use the ½” diameter snap on beads for the RADIO cable between the device and the radio. Two 1/2" snap-ons included.
Use two or more turns thru the snap on ferrite and use one at the device and another on the end of the cable near the radio. If your interface device uses a DC supply you can wrap the DC supply cable in the ½” ferrite with the radio cable. Use at least 2 turns for best results.A completed installation will look like the picture below (remember to add similar ferrites at the radio end of the cable).