Loop antennas may be constructed in many forms including horizontal full wave loops in square, rectangle or triangle (delta) shapes. They can also be in the vertical plane and are most often in the same shapes with the delta being very popular as it has both vertical and horizontal polarization. The impedance at the loop resonant frequency is approximately 100 ohms but will very slightly on harmonics. Loops are “quiet” antennas compared to verticals and dipoles and are omni-directional. The also exhibit gain on harmonic bands. Once you try a loop antenna you will know why they are so popular with old timers but still a secret to newcomers. Shown below are some typical designs:
Full Wave Horizontal Loop Antenna (a.k.a Skyloop)
This antenna is horizontally polarized and should be mounted as high as possible but works well at low heights of 10-30 feet. They are quieter than a dipole or a vertical, have a broader bandwidth and will usually out perform a dipole antenna.To determine the approximate circumference in feet of a full wave loop antenna use the formula:
1005/Freq in Mhz = length in feet.
The feed point impedance of a full wave loop antenna is theoretically in the vicinity of 120 ohms and requires a 2:1 impedance transformer (for single band loops or a 4:1 balun to match on multiple bands) with 50 ohm line. You will also need a feed line choke or better yet, just get the Hybrid 4:1+1:1 in a single box.
Vertical Delta Loops
Vertical delta loops can be oriented several way but the most popular is to have the “pointy” end at the top (usually a single support) and the lower horizontal ends just out of reach of humans and animals. Best feed point is 1/4 wavelength (246/f(mhz)) from the top point down one side. Vertical delta loops use the same 2:1 baluns as the horizontal loops or 4:1 for multi-band operation.
Purpose. Model BA-9-1000 is a 9:1 balun/unun kit (assembly required from parts supplied) used to translate a 50 ohm input up to 450 ohms at RF power levels up to 1000 watts when used with a matched load. It provides conversion from unbalanced coax to balanced ladder line/antenna feed point and gives a 9:1 impedance step-up to reduce SWR on the coax. Place at the junction of the balanced line and the coax to convert from balanced line to unbalanced coax.It can also be wired as an UNUN with unbalanced coax input to unbalanced output such as an end fed antenna.
KIT Contents. The kit consists of a F240-61 ferrite toroidal core, three colors of insulated wire, a SO-239 UHF connector with stainless steel hardware, and an instruction manual.
Assembly time: About 1 hour
Radio Club idea:
Buy 10 for a club do it yourself construction project - you can learn something and also build an end fed antenna (just add wire).
