One of the most popular antennas today is the end fed long wire antenna due to it ease of installation, portability and stealth in various installations. It can be a condo dweller’s only access to the world of ham radio or the best alternative for a backpacking SOTA (Summits on the Air) mountaintop expedition.
The antenna is simple to deploy, folds up easily for transport, and weighs under a pound, yet, with the proper length of wire, can work the 80-10 meter bands easily with the built in antenna tuner of most current day transceivers. You will need several components for a successful deployment of the end fed antenna and these are shown in the diagram below:
The antenna impedance matching components (BOX “Z” above) to match the antenna impedance to the coax line impedance (usually 50 ohms). For non-resonant end fed antennas, the typical feed point impedance is 300 to 600 ohms and a 9:1 impedance transformer (e.g. 450 ohm average antenna impedance to 50 ohm coax, also know as a 9:1 unun). For do-it-yourself antenna builders, 9:1 impedance transformer information is HERE
With end fed antennas, the coax is meant to radiate as part of the antenna system (serving as the “ground” or counterpoise) and therefore you need to use a Feed line Choke (BOX “FC” above) to suppress the common mode current on the outside of the coax feed line so it does not enter the radio and cause garbled communication.. The Feed line (FC) acts as a stop sign for RF current flowing back on the outside of the coax. The higher the choking resistance of the feed line choke, the less the coax braid RFI common mode current, and the less noise enters the radio. Feed Line choke alternatives are HERE.
The radio station is also a key component of the antenna system and has two functions: transmit and receive. Matching the transmitter to the coax feed line is often done with an antenna tuner and receiver systems should be installed to maximize signal to noise ratio. Reducing receiver noise is critical for weak signal reception and the use of coax noise filters AND receiver power supply lines (AC or DC) noise filters is usually needed for optimum reception. Reducing RFI generated by the radio station (you are the SOURCE of RFI) or received by your radio station (you are the VICTIM of RFI) is an important aspect of radio station operations. Palomar Engineers has many solutions for RFI problems – Click HERE to develop alternative strategies depending on your particular situation.
Want to compare End Fed Antennas? See: End Fed Antenna Secrets (PDF)
The “Bullet” End Fed Long Wire Antenna
The key to end fed antenna success is the matching network interface between the long wire antenna and the coax feed line and feed line choke at the transceiver. Palomar Engineers employs a dual core matching system that offers wide bandwidth (1-61 MHz), 500 watt PEP rating, and a connection for a counterpoise or ground if desired.
The antenna can be used as a sloper, “L” with a vertical section and a longer horizontal section, or as a random horizontal antenna between two trees or supports.
Our network matching network is called the “Bullet” because of it shape and its effectiveness at taking down or contacting distant (DX) stations all over the world under the right conditions. The Bullet uses all stainless steel connectors and a dual core ferrite 9:1 unun for higher power rating then many competitive products.
We sell the Bullet components separately so you can add you own wire type and length or you can purchase a complete antenna system including wire and end insulator.
RFI-GDO Garage Door Opener RFI Kit
This RFI-GDO kit is specifically designed to cure most garage door opener systems triggered by Radio Frequency Interference problems. The kit contains ferrite ring toroids (“Donut” shaped ferrites) for the AC power supply protection and “Snap on” ferrite beads for door sensor (2) lines and one manual on/off opener switch.
The ferrites kits are selected to eliminate RFI from in one of two ranges, Either Low Frequency (150 KHZ-10 MHZ) and part# RFI-GDO-LF or High Frequency (1-300 MHZ) with part# RFI-GDO-HF. The ferrites are easy to use, don’t require modification of the protected equipment and work in almost all cases.
What causes RFI?
Strong signals from nearby amateur radio, CB, military, AM/FM and other “transmitters” (such as microwave ovens, cell phones, computers, wireless phones, HDTV systems, home automation systems/light dimmers, variable speed motors, etc) that are picked up by long wires (“antennas”) running through the house electric power wiring or device sensor wires. These “antennas” feed the interfering signals into garage door opener causing it to halt operation or act intermittently.Note: Some of the new Garage door controls use DC motors and a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) speed controller which can generate RFI into other electronics nearby. Use the RFI kits below to help suppress RECEIVED RFI and RFI TRANSMITTED by your garage door opener.
How to cure RFI
RFI can be stopped by suppressing the signal from the radio “transmitter” or suppressing the signal on the receiving “antenna” feeding the affected device or eliminating the RFI path between the source and victim devices. With the RFI-GDO kit, you run the wires entering the opener through ferrite cores right next to (or inside) the controller box. Ferrites do not affect the signals going through the wires but they resist the passage of common mode RFI keeping the RFI signals out of the opener and stopping the RFI from falsely triggering the opener. Some sensor lines may require multiple ferrite toroids to be most effective. Also the more turns around the toroid, the more effective the RFI filter.
Sometimes you may also have to change frequencies of your GDO to avoid interfering frequencies. Many Chamberland(Whisper Drive, etc)/Craftsman/Liftmaster GDO’s use 280-390 MHz or 315 MHz which may be be close to interfering transmitters. The RFI kit will help to suppress the interference common to all lines including AC and DC driven motors.LED lights or LED light dimmers interfering with Garage door opener: Some brands of LED bulb circuitry operates from 30 – 300 MHz and may cause RFI to the opener. Best bet is to try different LED light brands or remove LED lights from garage and surrounding area. (read: problem is not with the LED lights but the LED circuitry within the LED bulb)Wireless/wired Security Camera Systems can cause RFI - use the RFI-GDO kit to suppress AC induced RFI into the opener.
If the RFI is severe, you may also try placing an aluminum foil “tent” around the sides of the GDO (leaving the “front toward the door open so the antenna can still receive your remote signal).
What is included in the kit?
The RFI-GDO kit is meant to be used with an AC powered (possibly through an AC wall wart or inline dc power supply battery backup) alarm system with up to 3 input/output signal lines and a single power supply line coming into the device. Note: a standard 3 prong AC power plug will go thru the ring ferrite 3-4 times as the ring has an inner ID of 1.4"
TECH NOTE: We also stock RFI kits to protect effected devices such as garage door openers, computers (laptops, desktops), dsl/cable routers, ethernet hubs and many more devices. Remember there is always a “transmitter” and a “receiver” of RFI and the quest is to find and choke the “path” the RFI has selected – you need to add ferrites to both the transmitting side and the receiving side to eliminate RFI problems.
The RFI kits on this page only helps suppress RFI on the receiving side.Christmas lights or yard lights with switching DC power supplies are often the RFI source and a clamp on ferrite bead on the AC AND the DC side feeding the lights is needed to help suppress the switching power supply RFI noise. We have also had reported wireless HDTV boxes causing RFI to garage door remote openers.
Snap on ferrites on the power cord supply and/or switching the coax cable interfaces to CAT5 cable may also help solve the problem. Obvious Tech Note: make sure your remote batteries have enough energy to activate the GDO or the signal they transmit may not be large enough to over ride the RFI signal, but a fresh battery may be able to overcome the weak RFI source and allow the GDO to operate correctly.
Typical installations are shown below:
Bullet End Fed Antenna Notes (PDF)
CAUTION
USE CAUTION WHEN INSTALLING ANTENNA AND KEEP AWAY FROM ANY POWER LINE WIRES!