Common mode current induced by radiated sources (plasma TV, routers, computers, transmitters, etc.) can be picked up by the outside of the coax braid from the antenna feed point back to the receiver. This portion of the coax braid acts like a second receiving antenna, picking up common mode noise signals that combine with weak signals (traveling down the center conductor and inside of the coax braid) making it difficult or impossible to hear weak signals! See diagram below.
A coax common mode noise filter with high choking impedance at the receiver/transceiver end of the coax effectively reduces common mode noise present on the coax braid while passing desired signals present on the coax center conductor. For best results, and to reduce co-interference between choked and un-choked feed lines with multiple antennas, EACH antenna feed line entering the radio room needs to have a coax noise filter even if it feeds a common coax switch since most antenna switches ONLY switch the center conductor of the coax line, yet all the coax braids are ALWAYS connected together in parallel.So when an antenna is NOT SELECTED, its coax sheath still contributes to the noise level of the connected antenna through the common connector ground! The solution? A common mode noise filter with high choking impedance at the receiver end of the coax. Do you have common mode noise on your coax? Make this simple test to find out. Common mode noise suppression with the Palomar CMNF series of filters is typically 25-36 dB which is equivalent to 4-6 “S” units on radios with 6 dB/”S” unit or may be more on radios with 3dB/”S” unit. Note for antenna switch users, perform the above test on each antenna coax lead separately to determine if that particular antenna braid is contributing noise to the receiver – use a coax noise filter on the antennas that have common mode noise. Coax Common Mode Noise Test (pdf)Coax Noise Filters
The Problem:
The Solution:
For RFI common mode suppression use, mix 31 is effective from 1-300 Mhz, mix 43 works from 25-300 Mhz, Mix 61 is for 200-2000 Mhz, and mix 77 favors .1-50 MHz. These frequencies are those of the interfering signal to be eliminated, not the operating frequencies of the equipment to be protected. See Mix Selection for other applications.
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Bead dimensions are shown in the picture below and in the table as A, B, C
Ferrite Bead Dimensions
Application Note: Use impedances for each bead at your desired frequency to select number of beads needed for desired Z. For example if you have a 50 ohm RG-8 coax cable and want a choking impedance of 500 ohms at 10 Mhz, you can check the FB102 column (since FB102 will pass RG-8 through its center ID) at 10Mhz and find that Mix 31 has a Z of 108 ohms/bead and Mix 43 has a Z of 91 ohms/bead. For 500 ohms we would need 5 mix 31 beads or 6 mix 43 beads to have greater than 500 ohms. Mix 31 has better response below 10 Mhz but above 10 Mhz mix 31 and mix 43 are very close. If you need more Z, just use more beads in series on the cable or use more windings thru a larger ID bead (e.g. USE FB102-31 for 4 turns of RG-8X for 16X increase in Z per bead – see pictures below for examples). Use Mix 61 for VHF and above for RFI/EMI suppression and below 30 Mhz for multi-ratio impedance transformers (baluns/ununs). See Mix Selection for other applications.
For extra large cables use the FB400-31 which has an inside diameter of 3 inches (76mm).
Frequency Range Comparison Chart
(FB56-xx size)
Multi-turn Common Mode Choking Impedance Increase Example (FB56-43)
Ferrite Bead relative size comparison
Left to right sizes: FB56 (ID = .25″), FB102 (ID=.505″), FB103 (ID=.77″)
SLIP ON Sizes for Heliax and Coax Cable
Cascaded Common Mode Chokes/Line Isolators/1:1 Baluns
 RG58 4 turns on 2 FB102-31 for 2000 ohms choking impedance |
 RG58 12 turns on FT240-43 for 4000-6000 ohms choking impedance |
Handy Wire Size reference for ferrite bead sizes needed
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Connector already on cable? See Snap On Ferrite Beads for convenient installation on cables with connector already installed.